Critical Analysis: Human Security Approach and Post-Covid19 Era

 Main Points to be discussed:

1. Introduction

2. Human Security

3. Covid-19 as a threat

4. Post Covid-19 era

5. Conclusion

6. Covid-19 as a global disease

Covid-19 as a worldwide pandemic: 

➢ Before Covid-19, there are many infectious diseases like Influenza, bird flu, SARS, MERS, dengue and many others. Those diseases also threaten the world but spread at local level and not worldwide like Covid-19.

 ➢ It has been described to be the greatest challenge to the world because it has grown with great pace and has affected the large number of the population around the globe.

 ➢ These staggering numbers of victims are more than the Vietnam War, Gulf War and Afghanistan War. The pandemic creates not only health crisis but it become a cause human security crisis which is depriving our freedom from fear freedom and to live with dignity.

➢In the war time, a state feels only a threat from other states and terrorist groups but the Covid-19 pandemic has triggered concerns to the human security because the world has tired of waiting to see the end of this scourge. 

➢ There is no difference between developed and developing countries, men and women, good and bad people for this menace virus. 

➢ This viral disease is an invisible enemy of the mankind and it also has become more cunning than the threats like warfare, trade war, terrorism, pollution and global warming.

• Covid-19 as a Global disease: 

➢ Moreover, this global disease has created inflations, scarcity of goods and services, uneven mobility people and goods, decline of tourism, change in social behavior of human, bilateral relationships and conflict among the countries and new attention to take certain measures at global level. 

➢ Currently the pandemic situation of 170 million total victim case and 3.55 deaths, demands comprehensive human security approach to protect human from the present pandemic and any kind of disaster in post Covid19 era. 

➢ It is argued, if the crisis exacerbate for some years then world may more focus on human security than before ever. The paper is an attempt to discuss that the Covid-19 pandemic is a form of  a threat to all dimensions of human security all-round the globe.

Main points in Human security: 

➢Covid-19 as a military,political,social and economic issue.
 ➢Post-cold war era. 
➢The border concept of security.
 ➢(UNDP) promoted the concept of human security. 
➢Human Development Report (UNDP) also specified seven dimensions of human Security.

 ➢In 2012, the international community agreed on the definition of human security which is part of UN resolution 66/290.

Human Security: 

▪ Covid-19 as a military,political,social and economic issue: 

➢ Security is commonly understood as the matter of defense issues such as border control and military posture with the survival and self-preservation of a state. 
➢ In the post-cold-war era, civil wars emerged as a common armed conflict in the civilian population instead of interstates war. Thus, the concept of security has widened on the base of dynamics of insecurity which stem not only military but also come from political, economic, social and environmental threats. 
➢ The broader concept of security leads to the understanding that individual and communities should be concern about their security and the sector of security should provide protection from internal and external threats without becoming a threat itself.

▪ (UNDP) promoted the concept of human security: 

➢ In 1994, United Nations Development Program (UNDP) promoted the concept of human security by raising the question about the threat to human rights, security and development in the struggle to improve the livelihood of mankind. The UNDP report notes that the human security always coined as freedom from fear and freedom from what we want. 
➢ Some scholars and practitioners have different opinions about freedom from fear and freedom from want. They think, the human security is too broad for theoretical and policy reasons. The subsequent debates added the freedom of live with dignity. 

▪ Human Development Report (UNDP) also specified seven dimensions of human Security: 

➢ Political, economic, environment, health, food, personal and community. These dimensions lead to acknowledge that absence of the security of people is a major barrier to human and state development. 

➢ In 2012, the international community agreed on the definition of human security which is part of UN resolution 66/290. The resolution entailing among the other rights of people that “to freedom from fear and freedom from want, with an equal opportunity to enjoy all their rights and their human potential. 

➢ In the context of epidemics, human security recognizes that health is a strong disease prevention system for all, the availability and access to quality health care, and the general conditions in which people live. 

➢ For this we need to consider how health crises can overwhelm the economic system and destroy livelihoods with knock-on effects on all aspects of people's lives. 

➢ It promotes a combination of protection and empowerment measures that improve early warning and preparedness, enhance the health system's capacity, mobilize and educate the public.

 ➢ Human security emphasizes that protecting people from complex threats can only be achieved through multilateral cooperation and national unity that brings together diverse actors from governments, educational institutions, civil society and the private sector.

 ➢ As Covid-19 continues to grow rapidly globally, it is time for us to put human security at the forefront of our efforts to prevent the spread of this epidemic and to better build a more inclusive and resilient future.